— inothi lensimu No. 9 —
Izimpaphe zamadayinaso: esikutshelwa yizinsalela
Impendulo emfushane
Bheka ijuba: ubuka idayinaso, futhi izimpaphe zalo yifa elivela kokhokho balo. Izimpawu zezimpaphe nezinye izinsalela zazo zitholakale emadayinasweni amaningi angezona izinyoni. Ngazo kwakhiwa kabusha ukubukeka kwezilwane futhi kulandelwe ukuthi izinyoni zavelaphi. Kodwa ungasheshi ukuphetha: ukuba nezimpaphe akusho ukundiza.
Yini esala etsheni
Okuhle kakhulu yilapho uphaphe ngokwalo lushiye uphawu etsheni. Enye indlela ukufuna izimpawu emathanjeni: ku-Velociraptor emlenzeni wangaphambili kusele amaqhuqhuva izimpaphe ezazinamathela kuwo. Kodwa umphumela owodwa awusebenzi kubo bonke; uhlobo ngalunye luhlolwa lodwa. Ku-Compsognathus encane, ngokwesibonelo, okwamanje abukho ubufakazi obuqondile bezimpaphe.
I-Archaeopteryx yagcineka nezimpaphe ezicacile, kanye namazinyo, umsila omude wamathambo nezinzipho emaphikweni. Ngo-2025 kwachazwa isibonelo esisha, esiphelele kakhulu, se-Field Museum eChicago: kuso kwabonakala okokuqala izimpaphe ezinde ehlombe ezazivala igebe phakathi kwephiko nomzimba, njengasezinyonini ezindizayo. Kubonakala sengathi yayindiza nokho.
Amaphiko amane neminye imisebenzi
I-Microraptor yayinezimpaphe ezinde emilenzeni yangaphambili neyangemuva, yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi “enamaphiko amane”. Ukuthi yayizibamba kanjani emoyeni kuhlolwa ngamamodeli. Kodwa ukuthi ipheya ngalinye “lamaphiko” lalenzani nokuthi yayiyibeka kanjani imilenze, izazi azivumelani.
Izimpaphe zazingadingeki ukuthi zindize. Zazifudumeza, zisiza ekuzibukiseni kumlingani futhi zimboza amaqanda. Izihlobo ze-Oviraptor zatholakala zihlezi phezu kwezidleke, njengesikhukhukazi sifukamele. Ngo-2021 eShayina kwachazwa i-oviraptorid endala ehlezi phezu kwamaqanda, futhi emaqandeni kwasinda izimbungu ezase zicishe ziphume. Lokho kusho ukuthi yayiwafukamele ngempela, hhayi nje iwagada.
Kungani izimpaphe zingadwetshwa kuwo wonke
Amadayinaso ayembozwe ngezinto ezahlukene: kwamanye kutholakale izimpaphe noma imicu emincane, kwamanye isikhumba esinamazenga. Ukungabikho kophawu lwezimpaphe akusho ukuthi zazingekho, ngoba izicubu ezithambile azivamile ukugcineka. Izakhiwo ezifana nezimpaphe zikhona nakuma-pterosaur, izihlobo zamadayinaso, ngakho izimpaphe ezilula kakhulu kungenzeka zavela kokhokho ababahlanganyelayo. Lo mbuzo usavulekile.
Ukwakhiwa kabusha okwethembekile kuhlale kuhlukanisa okutholakele etsheni nokwakhiwe ngokulandela izihlobo. Into yokugcina. Izinyoni “azifani nje namadayinaso”: zingaphakathi kweqembu lamadayinaso angama-theropod futhi ziqhubeka nomlando walo.
Imibuzo nezimpendulo
Ingabe izinyoni ngempela zingamadayinaso?
Yebo. Ngobuhlobo bokuziphendukela kwemvelo, izinyoni zingaphakathi kweqembu lamadayinaso angama-theropod.
Ingabe onke amadayinaso ayembozwe ngezimpaphe?
Lokho akunakushiwo. Izimpaphe zaziwa ezinhlotsheni eziningi, kwezinye kutholakale amazenga, futhi izicubu ezithambile zigcineka kancane kakhulu ukuthi sahlulele ngazo zonke.
Ingabe izimpaphe zavela ukuze kundizwe?
Kubonakala sengathi cha. Izimpaphe zakuqala kungenzeka zazigcina ukufudumala futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuzibonisa kwabanye bohlobo, ukundiza kwafika kamuva.
I-Archaeopteryx iyinyoni noma iyidayinaso?
Kokubili, ngoba izinyoni ngokwazo zingamadayinaso. I-Archaeopteryx iyinyoni eyaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwezinyoni zakudala kakhulu, kodwa ayiyodwa: ngo-2025 ezingqimbeni ze-Jurassic zaseShayina kwachazwa i-Baminornis enomsila omfushane “wesimanje”.
